Environment

Definition

The word environment is taken from the French word "environer" which means "surrounding" or "to encircle".

As per environmental conservation act, 1986 environment include all physical and biological surrounding of an organism with its interaction.

Thus " environment is defined as the sum total of water, air, land, and interrelationships existing among them and human being, other living organisms, and material."

Segment of environment

The environment is divided into four segment

1. Atmosphere-    Contain the air continent
2. Hydrosphere- Contain the water (water, ocean)
3. lithosphere-     It contains earth's solid part. (rocks, minerals, soil)
4. Biosphere -      It contains the living continent of the earth ( human being, animal, trees etc.)

Atmosphere

It includes the air. Till now the atmosphere of earth is not understood. It includes many gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and its compounds, Hydrogen, Argon etc.

It is further classified into four-part

1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Thermosphere
5. Exosphere*

composition of gases

        

temperature variation curve

Importance of environmental education

• Environment help in economic and social welfare of country and Society
• environment education helps in finding a way to mention in ecological balance 
• conservation of natural resources conservation of biodiversity 
• environmental pollution control 
• stabilization of overpopulation growth conservation of forest wealth 
• improvement of education system conservation of non-renewable source of energy 
• Promotion of renewable source of energy in place of fossil fuel 
• Conservation of flora and fauna

Factor affecting the atmosphere- 

Due to some human activities, the regulations of the environment is affected. 

There are various natural and man-made factor that affects the earth's Atmosphere

Sunlight- sunlight helps the earth to warm and maintain the temperature of the earth in the night. the heat of sunlight is absorbed by some gases like carbon dioxide, methane, Water vapor etc. 

                    Scientists also use temperature for monitoring changes in climate. Long-term measurements of air temperatures over many years are important for scientists to track climate change.

Wind- There is an important role of wind in the atmosphere. wind flow from high-pressure zone to low-pressure zone. Wind speed and direction is also influenced by other factors, including the Coriolis force and surface friction. The Coriolis force, caused by the rotation of the Earth, changes the direction of the wind. In the northern hemisphere, the Coriolis force deflects the wind to the right, so that winds circulate in a clockwise direction around high-pressure regions, and counterclockwise around low-pressure regions. The opposite occurs in the southern hemisphere.  Sometimes the high difference in pressure may create strong Strome which may destroy may natural and artificial things.

Precipitation- it is an important process which helps to regulate the hydrological cycle. due to low precipitation at some places, some desert-like Sahara and Kalahari are formed. also arctic is known as the polar desert due to low rainfall.

Geography of the earth- The geography of is very difficult to understand. 75% of earth is full of water and 25% is land. if we see one side there is the great desert of Sahara of Africa where life is not possible and another side Amazon rainforest which produces 20% oxygen of world.

some more facts like pressure temperature which affects the atmosphere.

Pollution- This is a man-made fact that affects the atmosphere. Due to pollution, the global warming is causing. pollution prevent to complete the air cycles.

Need for public awareness

The environmental study is a distinct program that gives the student an opportunity to experience the interdisciplinary nature of the subject the environmental studies educate the student in fundamental of an environmental issue. Environmental education is aimed at enhancing the public awareness and knowledge about environmental issues.

The following measures may help for 

• Environmental awareness 
• join a group or a study of nature such as WWF BNHS(Bombay natural history society ) and other groups 
• with the help of newspaper 
• through seminars, conference, magazines NGO's.